What are UAP

To determine whether an observation is actually categorized as a UAP, international experts use a specific scientific matrix. In this context, researchers and analysts refer to “The Five Observables”.

When an object or phenomenon exhibits at least one of these five advanced flight or physical characteristics and cannot be immediately identified by civil or military authorities, it is officially registered as a UAP:

1. Positive Lift

The ability of an object to fly, hover, or maneuver in the air without visible aerodynamic aids (such as wings or rotors) or recognizable propulsion systems (such as jet engines or exhaust gases).

2. Instantaneous acceleration

The ability to achieve an extreme speed from a standstill or a constant speed in a fraction of a second, or conversely to come to an abrupt and complete stop. These extreme forces exceed the physical limits of known human aircraft and human physiology.

3. Hypersonic speed without external features

The ability to travel at hypersonic speeds — faster than five times the speed of sound (over 6,175 km/h). What makes this unique is that it occurs without the usual physical side effects, such as an audible sound barrier (sonic boom) or visible heat acceleration and friction in the atmosphere.

4. Trans-medium movements

The unique ability of the phenomenon to move seamlessly and without noticeable loss of speed through different media. A trans-medium object can move successively through space, the Earth's atmosphere, and underwater.

5. Low visibility

The ability to remain partially or completely invisible to human perception and advanced sensor systems. This characteristic often manifests itself in an object being detected via infrared (such as SWIR cameras) or military radar but invisible to the naked eye, or vice versa.